Heat pump
A year’s space-heat demand from floor area and a rough insulation class, then electricity at a chosen SCOP versus gas.
Open a calculatorHeat is litres per day × days × 0.001163 kWh per litre-kelvin × the rise from inlet to tap. Electricity is that heat divided by the COP you enter (about 1 for a kettle or immersion, 2–4 for a heat-pump cylinder). Cost is electricity times the unit price. Tank losses, mixing and a legionella cycle are not in the figure.
Running cost: 669 zł
0.001163 kWh/L·K is the specific heat of water. A 150 L/day, 35 K lift is about 6 kWh of heat a day before losses.
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An educational estimate. Not medical, tax or credit advice.