Rule of 72

Years ≈ 72 ÷ the yearly percent. At 8% it is 9 years. Fees and a changing rate break the shortcut. Compare with CAGR if you have a start and an end.

Yearly rate

Years to double

10.3

The rule is a pocket sketch. 72 / 1 is not a century of 1% cash.

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An educational estimate. Not medical, tax or credit advice.

Future value of a starting amount plus optional monthly deposits.

The constant yearly rate that takes a start value to an end value.

A nominal yearly return stripped of inflation.

A nest egg from yearly spend and a withdrawal rate, then years of saving at a constant return.

Gross and net yearly yield from purchase price, rent, vacancy and running costs.

Gain over cost, and an annualised rate if you enter the years.